Analysis of four quadrant operation of bldc motor with the implementation of fpga arun babu k1 and m. Rohit naik 07241a0247 in partial fulfillment for the award of the degree of bachelor of technology in electrical and electronics engineering gokaraju rangaraju. First, a look at an incredibly simpli ed motor, a square loop in a magnetic eld, as shown in figure 1. There are many applications of dc motors, where we need a variable speed of dc motor. The motor is operated in four quadrants viz, clockwise. The speed under the base velocity may be controlled by way of armature voltage manage technique. A pair of push buttons is interfaced to microcontroller which is interfaced to operation motor by motor driver ic. Direction of rotation of dc motor can be change by reversing the terminal polarity. This project is designed to control the speed of dc motor in fourquadrant operation which is directly proportional to armature and inversely to. Dc motor with speed and current closed loops, driven by. Practical implementation of four quadrant operation of three. Simulation of four four quadrant operation of three phase. The fourquadrant activity of the dc motor is most appropriate for industries where motors are utilized and according to the requirement as they.
This tutorial is about dc motor speed control with a pic microcontroller using the pwm method. A motor drive capable of operating in both directions of rotation and of producing both motoring and regeneration is called. The pwm in microcontroller is utilized to control the obligation cycle of dc engine. The following procedures are carried out for the for the four quadrant dc motor speed control operation using microcontroller. Four quadrant operation of dc motor four quadrant operation of any drives or dc motor means that the machine operates in four quadrants. Interfacing dc motor to 8051 forms an essential part in designing embedded robotic projects. What is four quadrant motor control and how does it work. Power developed by a motor is given by the product of speed and torque. Four quadrant operation of dc motor electrical and. For example, it has applications in electric cars, trucks, and aircraft. The different quadrant operations drive the motor with.
By interfacing dc motor to the microcontroller, we can control the direction of the motor, control the speed of the motor. In this experiment, four quadrant operation of a dc motor is simulated as well as run in realtime. Pwm based dc motor speed control using microcontroller circuit design. Microcontroller less four quadrant dc motor control nevonprojects.
The gates of these igbts are given pulse width modulation which provides the four quadrant operation. The problem is that you need to control the base of the transistors such that you get 4 quadrant operation, without unfortunately causing shoot throu. Microcontroller based speed control of a dc motor using. Four quadrant dc motor control without microcontroller on vimeo. These applications require both driving and braking, i.
Four quadrant dc motor controls without microcontroller. One way would be to use 2 pnp transistors and 2 npn transistors. The aim of the project is to develop a control system for dc motor in fourquadrant operation. Our proposed project puts forward a dc motor four quadrant based controlling system. In its common mode of operation, two dc motors can be driven simultaneously, both in forward and. The four quadrant dc motor speed control operation can be achieved by interfacing dc motor with 8051 microcontroller. Four quadrant operation of dc motor remotely controlled by. The four quadrant operation of the dc motor is best suited for industries where motors are. The hardware is designed and the operation has been done based upon the program written in the microcontroller for the four quadrant operation of the dc motor and the speed is also controlled by using pwm technique figure 6.
Download four quadrant chopper drive for dc motor electronics full project report. In the iv fourth quadrant, the torque is positive, and the speed is negative. Four quadrant dc motor control without microcontroller with. The motor is controlled in all the four quadrants without any loss of power. Dc motor interfacing with 8051 microcontroller using l293d. Using four quadrant chopper it is possible to demonstrate forward, instant forward brake, reverse, instant reverse brake control of a dc motor using a microcontroller through remotely operated commands to it by touch screen based user friendly gui on any smart phone with android applications. Have dc motors shunt, series, and compound become obsolete compared to ac motors. This allows user to operate the dc motor in four different quadrants. R college of engineering, tiruchengode, tamil nadu, india2 abstract brush less direct current bldc motors. The practical implementation of the four quadrant control of the dc motor is shown in figure 5. Connections for fourquadrant operation of dc motor 6. Doc speed control of a dc motor using micro controller 8051.
The speed is controlled by generating pwm pulses from microcontroller of 8051 family. Dc motor can be use for both motoring and generating purpose. Four quadrant speed control of dc motor with the help of at89s52 microcontroller. I am planning to use a pic for pwm generation,an ir2111 driver ic for mosfet how to make the motor work in two quadrants. As a microcontroller is used to set the speed ranges as per the requirement is easy which is. This type of device can also be used in industries for controlling the devices. In this paper, the modelling of bldc motor drive system along with its control systems have been presented using matlabsimulink. Microcontrollerbased dc motor speed controller kumar fig. Using fourquadrant chopper it is possible to demonstrate forward, instant forward brake, reverse, instant reverse brake control of a dc motor using a microcontroller through remotely operated commands to it by touch screen based user friendly gui on any smart phone with android applications. This paper is designed to develop a four quadrant speed control system for a dc motor using microcontroller.
Aug 06, 2014 doc speed control of a dc motor using micro controller 8051 1. Speed control without microcontroller submitted by. Following things should be taken into account while designing the. Four quadrant operations of dc motor electronics hub. Analysis of four quadrant operation of bldc motor with the. Microcontroller based 4 quadrant speed control system. I am trying to design a circuit for a 24v dc motor to work in two quadrants. Four quadrant operation of motor drive forward motoring. The hardware is designed and the operation has been done based upon the program written in the arduino for the four quadrant operation of the dc motor and the speed is also controlled by using.
Buy edgefxfour quadrant dc motor speed control with. A 12v dc motor is connected to the l298n motor driver module at its out1 and out2 pins. Motor can provide motoring and braking operations for both forward and reverse directions. Four quadrant operation of dc motor remotely controlled by android application system. This paper proposes a way to govern the rate and route control of a dc motor with the help of a 4 quadrant dcdc chopper. The aim of this project is four quadrant speed control of the dc motor. The project has been designed to develop a speed control system for dc motor in all the four quadrant. A four quadrant operation requires two full converters connected in. Four quadrant operation of dc motor related questions 0 like 0 dislike. Speed control of a machine is the most vital and important part in any industrial organization. This project is designed to control the speed of dc motor in four quadrant operation which is directly proportional to armature and inversely to flux.
In the modern world, the industrial growth created a revolution in satisfying various human needs. Dynamic braking operation of a dc serier motor dynamic braking of dc series motor 24 if the. Dc motors need much more current than a microcontroller can provide, so it needs separate drivers. The four quadrant operation of dc motor such as clockwise rotation, anticlockwise rotation, forward braking operation, and reverse braking operation can be performed using 8051 microcontroller based circuits. Brushed dc motors, despite their mechanical complexity, are governed by only a few forces. The circuit consists of one 8051 microcontroller and its supporting circuitry related to oscillator and reset, l298n motor driver module, a dc motor and a few push buttons. In simple terms, in one quadrant motor control the controller can apply torque only in the same vector polarity direction that the motor is currently running at. The block diagram of four quadrant dc motor speed control with 8051 microcontroller project is shown in the above figure. Four quadrant speed control of dc motor with androidand. So it can be use for clockwise and anti clockwise purpose. Embedded project on four quadrant dc motor speed control.
Pwm based dc motor speed control using microcontroller. Assign suitable values to the pi current controller that was obtained from the previous experiment5. This specific system could also be used in that applications where we must. Four quadrant dc motor control without microcontroller eee. Interfacing dc motor to the microcontroller is a very important concept in many industrial and robotic applications. Speed control of brushless dc motor in four quadrant. Four quadrant speed control of dc motor using at89s52. As their operation is unidirectional, they are called one quadrant drive systems. Dc motor speed control using pic microcontroller pwm method. L293d for dc motor interfacing with 8051 microcontroller it is designed to provide bidirectional drive currents of up to 600ma at voltages from 4. Dc to dc converter using four quadrant operations for dc. By using such converter dc motor can operate in four quadrants.
The four quadrant control of the dc motor is archived by the varying duty cycles from a 555 timer and their changing polarity with the hbridge ic by appropriate switch pressing. Embedded project on four quadrant dc motor speed control with. This quadrant corresponds to braking in the reverse motoring mode. Dc motor with speed and current closed loops, driven by etpu. Four quadrant operation of bldc motor with current controller. Industrial fully control dc motor drive without microcontroller. The speed of the motor as well as the operation of motor in four quadrants such as forward brake, reverse brake, clockwise, anticlockwise rotation can be controlled using 8051 microcontroller. R college of engineering, tiruchengode, tamil nadu, india 2associate professor, k. The project is designed to develop a four quadrant control system for a dc motor. Jun 16, 2015 to achieve dc motor speed control, we need to interface the dc motor with 8051 microcontroller. Compressor, pump and fan type load requires operation in the i quadrant only.
The fourquadrant control of the dc motor is archived by the varying duty cycles from a 555 timer and their changing polarity with the hbridge ic by appropriate switch pressing. Working of arduino based 4 quadrant dc motor control. How to control the speed of brushless dc motor without. The project has been designed to develop a speed control system for dc motor in all the fourquadrant. Firstly an 8051 with the required software to control the motor and secondly a suitable driver circuit. Modeling of a constant load the simulink model for constant torque on dc motor is shown in fig.
The speed below the base speed can be controlled by armature voltage control method. As we are using a microcontroller design the speed adjustments are made automatically. Dec 17, 2015 a four quadrant or multiple quadrant operation is required in industrial as well as commercial applications. Four quadrant chopper drive for dc motor electronics full.
This article shows how to interface a dc motor to an 8051 microcontroller. Hall sensor unlike a brushed dc motor, the commutation of a bldc motor is controlled electronically. The motor is running at speed corresponding to point a in first quadrant. Dc motor with speed and current closed loops, driven by etpu on mcf523x, rev. Dc motor, at89s52 microcontroller, motor driver l293d, voltage regulator lm7805, push buttons, pwm. Four quadrant dc motor control without microcontroller in. Nov 01, 2015 four quadrant speed control of dc motor with the help of at89s52 microcontroller j4r volume 01 issue 08 003 pulsewidth modulation pwm is a commonly used technique for controlling power. Buy edgefx four quadrant dc motor control without microcontroller do it yourself kit online at low price in india on. A four quadrant or multiple quadrant operation is required in industrial as well as commercial applications. The controller presented here uses the pulsewidth modulation pwm technique. The four quadrant operation of dc motor remotely controlled by android application system is a very sustainable system for controlling the dc motor in fourth directions such clock wise,counter wise, reverse brake and forward brake. Four quadrant operation of dc motor without microcontroller. Digital control strategy for four quadrant operation of.
The microcontroller block is interfaced with dc motor using motor driver ic, the power supply block provides power supply to the project kit, and switch array. A motor operates in two modes motoring and braking. Hence speed control of dc motor using android application is a cost effective, practical and the safest way to save power. Separately excited dc motor speed control using four. Bldc motor control requires rotor position and speed measurements. The alternative speed control feature is achieved by a slide switch operation. The four quadrant activity of the dc motor is most appropriate for industries where motors are utilized and according to the requirement as they. The four quadrant operation of bldc motor was also presented. Jan 12, 2017 four quadrant operation of dc motor can be use for variable speed application. Matlab simulation on speed control of four quadrant dc drive. As a consequence of reaction force, the magnet will experience an equal and opposite. Microcontroller based speed control of a dc motor using pwm.
Interfacing dc motor to 8051 microcontroller using at89s51. Microcontroller based 4 quadrant dc motor speed control. The brushless dc bldc motor is becoming increasingly popular in sectors such as automotive particularly electric vehicles ev, hvac, white goods and industrial because it does away with the mechanical commutator used in traditional motors, replacing it with an electronic device that improves the reliability and durability of the unit. Microcontroller less four quadrant dc motor control. Rohit naik 07241a0247 in partial fulfillment for the award of the degree of bachelor of technology in electrical and. The project aims at developing a speed control system for dc motors in four quadrants i. Some of these applications include electric traction systems, cranes and lifts, cable laying winders, and engine test loading systems. The four quadrant operation of the dc motor is best. In order to understand four quadrant motor control it is worth starting with a very quick overview of one and two quadrant motor control. Matlab simulation on speed control of four quadrant dc. The motor drive is modeled, simulated, and analyzed to verify its feasibility for selfstarting, speed control, and for fourquadrant operation, and the simulation results are presented.
The four quadrant operation of the dc motor is best suited for industries where. Four quadrant speed control of dc motor with androidand its. The four quadrant operation of the dc motor is best suited. Four quadrant dc motor control without microcontroller. Jul 14, 2014 video presents four quadrant operation of dc motor without microcontroller project abstract and circuits with explanation four quad. This switch array is used to send the control signals to the microcontroller which in turn sends commands to the.
Before the motor goes in 4th quadrant, it is necessary that motor should already posses back emf so that it can supply back to the source. The four quadrant operation of the dc motor is best suited for industries where motors are used and as per requirement as they can rotate in clockwise. A well designed 8051 dc motor system has essentially two parts. Speed control of a dc motor using microcontroller 8051 a project report submitted by s.
Pdf design and implementation of four quadrant dc drive. Electrical machines form the backbone of many automated industries, powered from. Block diagram of dc to dc converter using four quadrant operation for dc motor. Dc motor drives are used drastically in adjustable pace drives and function manage programs. A simple pwm pulse width modulation technique can be used to control the speed of the motor.
Motor drives dt d or t t j dt d t e t l j e l z z t e t l. The signals from the button are input to the microcontroller that in turn actuates motors in controlling speed. Video presents four quadrant operation of dc motor without microcontroller project abstract and circuits with explanation. Circuit of microcontrollerbased dc motor speed controller d c motor speed controllers are very useful for controlling the motion of robotic and industrial automation systems. With simulink, experimental models can be easily built from the scratch and existing models can be modified to the users needs. Different dc motors need different voltages and operating high voltage motor from a low voltage controller is not a feasible option. Dynamic braking operation of a dc serier motor dynamic braking of dc series motor 24 if the supply is disconnected by opening the switch, the. Separately excited dc motor speed control using four quadrant. Buy edgefx four quadrant dc motor speed control with microcontroller diy kit for engineering and diploma online at low price in india on. Using a built in hbridge driver ic it is possible to demonstrate four quadrant dc motor control without microcontroller on vimeo. Four quadrant dc motor speed control with microcontroller. The operating point shifts to point b in second quadrant since torque is opposite to direction of rotation, speed decreases. Oct 27, 2012 this is effective and the reliable design for controlling the speed of motor.
They are forward braking, forward motoring, reverse motoring and reverse braking. The speed and current control model developed in the previous experiment is used to emulate the four regions of operation. Four quadrant operation electric motor electricity. Doc speed control of a dc motor using micro controller 8051 1. Bldc motor works on the principle similar to that of a conventional dc motor, i. It can drive inductive loads such as solenoids, relays, dc and bipolar stepping motors. The system is very useful for industrial operation since industries usually require dc motors to operate in all four quadrants for. Four quadrant operation depends upon the rotation of the rotor w. The digital controller dspic30f4011, which is very advantageous over other controllers, as it combines the calculation capability of digital signal processor and controlling capability of pic microcontroller. Four quadrant speed control of dc motor with the help of. The four quadrant operation of the dc motor is best suited for industries where motors are used and as per requirement as they can rotate in clockwise, counterclockwise.
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